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General Awareness

Sports – General Awareness

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It has been seen that 1 or 2 questions are generally asked from topic sports under General Awareness in most competitive exams including SSC and various TETs. In this post important information is given from topic ‘sports’ under General Awareness.

Important Games and their Origin Countries

GameCountry / Place
VolleyballAmerica
KabaddiIndia
GolfScotland
BoxingGreece
BasketballAmerica
FootballEngland
CricketEngland
ArcheryPoland
OlympicAthens, Greece
Commonwealth GamesHamilton, Canada
Asian GamesIndia
South Asian GamesNepal
BilliardsNorthern Europe
ChessLondon
GymnasticsBelgium
Shooting America
SwimmingUSA
TennisEngland
Indian Olympic (National Games)Punjab, India
AFRO-Asian GamesHyderabad, India

Number of players in different sports

Also read – Important Antonyms for Competitive Exams (विपरीतार्थक शब्द)

SportsNumber of Players (in a team)
Polo4
Cricket11
Baseball9
Kabaddi7
Hockey11
Ice Hockey6
Basketball5
Rugby Football15
Volleyball6
Badminton 1 or 2
Khokho 9
Squash1 or 2
Football11
Tennis1 or 2

Terminologies in Some Major Sports

  • Chess: Checkmate, Gambit, Stalemate, Move, Resign etc.
  • Boxing: Knock-out, Foot work, Upper-cut, Card, Break, Buckle, Canvas, Accidental Butt, Punch, Bout, Bleeder, Bolo etc.
  • Cricket: Run-out, Hat-trick, Maiden, Follow-on, LBW, Stumped, No ball, Mid off, Bouncer, Googly, Full toss, Cut, Pull, Hook, Flick etc.
  • Football: Attacker, Back heel, Ball carrier, Back pass, Kick, Bicycle kick, Corner flat, Corner kick etc.
  • Badminton: Alley, Backcourt, Centre line, Baseline, Service, Shuttlecock, Smash, Woodshot etc.
  • Hockey: Centre, Defender, Forward, Bully, Penalty stroke, Goal, Penalty corner, Push-in , Free-hit etc.

Famous Sports Stadiums of World

Also read – How to Check Divisibility by 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15 and 16

StadiumPlaceSports
Eden GardenKolkata, IndiaCricket
Shivaji Stadium Mumbai, IndiaCricket
Sendy LodgeScotlandGolf
FlemingtonMelbourne, AustraliaHorse Racing
Ambedkar StadiumDelhi, IndiaFootball
Jawaharlal Nehru StadiumDelhi, India Athletics
Indraprastha StadiumDelhi, IndiaIndoor Games
WimbledonLondon, UKLawn Tennis
BrooklandEnglandFootball
White CityEngland, UKDog Race
national StadiumMumbai, IndiaHockey
Forest HillUSATennis
Yankeee StadiumNew York, USABoxing
BrooklynNew York, USABaseball

Important Cups and Trophies – International

Cups/ TrophiesSports
World CupCricket, Football, Hockey
US MastersGolf
UEFA Champion LeagueFootball
Tata OpenLawn Tennis
FIFA World CupFootball
French OpenLawn Tennis
Heineken CupLawn Tennis
Hopman Cup Lawn Tennis
League ChampionshipFootball
Liners OpenGolf
Premier League TrophyFootball
Scottish CupFootball
UEFA Champions LeagueFootball
US OpenLawn Tennis
Augusta MastersGolf
Azian CupHockey
DerbyHorse Racing
Colombo CupFootball
Australian OpenLawn Tennis
British OpenGolf
Champions TrophyHockey
Davis CupTennis

Indian National Cups & Trophies

Also read – भारत की बोले जाने वाली 22 भाषाएँ Bharat ki Boliyan in Hindi

Cup/TrophySports
IFA ShieldFootball
Dhyanchand TrophyHockey
Bombay Gold CupHockey
Aga Khan CupHockey
DCM TrpphyCricket
Burdwan TrophyWeight Lifting
B C Roy TrophyFootball
Durand CupFootball
Lady Ratan Tata TrophyHockey
Moinuddaula Gold CupCricket
Ezra CupPolo
Rangeshwari CupHockey
Nehru TrophyHockey
Subrato Mukherjee CupFootball
Santosh TrophyFootball
Rovers CupFootball
Radha Mohan CupPolo
Scindia Gold CupHockey
Wellington TrophyRowing
Ranji TrophyCricket
Beighton CupHockey

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Computer

Classification of Computer for Competitive Exams

Computer Classification
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Dear Readers, In this post Classification of Computer is given. Basically Computer is an electronic machine that accepts data (input) from the user, processes the data by performing calculations and operations on it and then generates the desired results (output) to the user.

Computers are mainly classified on the basis of Size, Work and Purpose as following:

Computer Classification on the basis of Size

On the basis of size, computers are classified as (i) Micro Computer, (ii) Mini Computer, (iii) Mainframe Computer and (iv) Super Computer as below:

(i) Micro Computer

Micro computers are the most widely used computers. They are also called portable computers, though they are the least powerful. Types of Micro computers are following:

  • Personal Computer (PC)
  • Laptop
  • Tablet
  • Handheld Computers
  • Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)
(ii) Mini Computer

Mini computers are more powerful and costly than Micro computes. They were designed initially for CAD (Computer Aided Design) related works but now they are used as central computer. E.g. IBM-17, HP-9000 etc.

(iii) Mainframe Computer

Mainframe computers are larger, faster and cost higher than Mini computers. They have large internal memory, computing and storage. They also have comprehensive range of softwares. E.g. IBM S/390/, UNIVAC 110 etc.

(iv) Super Computer

Super computers are fastest and the most expensive type of computers. They have very high processing speed. Their speed measurement unit is FLOPS (Floating point operations per second). E.g. CRAY-1, PARAM etc.

Also read Mobile Phone Security Tips मोबाइल फोन सिक्योरटी टिप्स

Computer Classification on the basis of Work

Computers are also classified on the basis of the work as (i) Analog Computer, (ii) Digital Computer and (iii) Hybrid Computer as mentioned below:

(i) Analog Computer

Analog computers are job oriented computers. They can perform several mathematical operations simultaneously. E.g. seismograph, speedometers etc.

(ii) Digital Computer

Digital computers work on the binary digits. They also perform mathematical calculations and produce desired results (graphics, sounds). E.g. Desktop (PC), Laptop etc.

(iii) Hybrid Computer

Hybrid computers are the combination of analog and digital computers. Several machines used in hospitals like DIALYSIS and ECG are the commonly used hybrid computers.

Also read भारत में नदियों के किनारे बसे शहर/ Nadiyon ke Kinare base Sahar

Computer Classification on the basis of Purpose

On the basis of purpose, computers can be classified as (i) General Purpose Computer and (ii) Special Purpose Computer as below:

(i) General Purpose Computer

The main use of General Purpose computers are to solve various types of problems bu using various types of programs, applications, software etc. E.g. to make small database, calculations, accounting etc.

(ii) Special Purpose Computer

The use of Special purpose computers are to solve a single particular type of problems. E.g. Automatic Aircraft Landing etc.

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Categories
Maths

Basic Formulas of Area and Perimeter

In most of the competitive examinations, questions have been asked from Area and Perimeter. Basic formulas for calculation of Area and Perimeter of 2-Dimensional and 3-Dimensional figures have been given in this post.

FigurePerimeterAreaNomenclature
Trianglea+b+c(bh)/2b= base
h= altitude
a,b,c= side of triangles
Parallelogram2(a+b)aha= side
b= side adjacent to a
h= distance between the parallel sides
Rectangle2(a+b)aba= length
b= breadth
Square4aa2
d2/2		a= side
d= diagonal
Rhombus4a(d1d2)/2 a= side
d1 and d2= Diagonals
Trapeziumsum of 4 sidesh(a+b)/2a,b= parallel sides
h= distance between parallel sides
Circle2πr πr2 r= radius of circle
π= 22/7 or 3.1416
Semicircleπr+2r(πr2)/2 r= radius of circle
π= 22/7 or 3.1416

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Environmental Studies General Awareness

Festivals, Traditional Art & Crafts of India – EVS

India is well known as a country of cultural and traditional festivals as it has many cultures and religions. India is also well known for its Traditional Art and Crafts. Specific festivals, traditional crafts and art of specific region in India are given below:

Festivals of specific region in India

FestivalRegionTime of Celebration
OnamKeralaAug – Sep
Ganesh ChaturthiMaharashtraBhadrapad Shukl Chaturdashi
Rath YatraOdishaAshadha Shukla Pakshadwitya
BaishakhiPunjab 13-14 Apr
Pongal, JallikattuTamil Nadu14 Jan
Durga PujaWest Bengal6th Day of Aswin Shukla
BihuAsomIn the month of Bohag Kaati and Magh
ChhathBiharKartik Shukla Shasthi
LosarSikkim and Arunachal PradeshFirst Lunar month
Ugadi/Gudi PadwaAndhra Pradesh1st day of Chaitra month
GangaurRajasthanChaitra Shukla

Also Read Important Idioms and Phrases with Meaning

Traditional Crafts of India

Traditional CraftsAreas/States
Warli PaintingMaharashtra
Chikan EmbroideryLucknow
PerfumesKannauj
Brass HandicraftsMoradabad
Jamdani TextileWest Bengal
Patola EmbroideryGujarat
Pashmina ShawlsJammu and Kashmir (Ladakh)
Bandana WeaveRajasthan and Gujarat
PochampallyAndhra Pradesh
Wood CarvingSaharanpur
Pithora PaintingMadhya Pradesh

Traditional Art in India

Traditional ArtRegion/State
JamdaniWest bengal
Pashmina and ShahtootJammu and Kashmir
PatolaGujarat
Bandana DesignRajasthan and Gujarat
ChikankariLucknow
Muga SilkAsom
PochampallyAndhra Pradesh
Perfume IndustryKannauj
ShawlKullu, Himachal Pradesh
EmbroideryJammu and Kashmir

Different Types of Painting in India

1. Chitra Kathi Painting
  • This painting belongs to Maharashtra.
  • Story is depicted through this painting.
  • Only natural color is used in this painting.
2. Kalamkari Painting
  • This painting belongs to Andhra Pradesh.
  • This painting is done on clothes.
  • Only natural color is used in this painting.
3. Madhubani Painting
  • This painting belongs to Bihar.
  • Natural things like animals, birds, humans, flowers are depicted in this painting.
  • Only natural color is used in this painting.
  • A special kind of paste of grinded rice is used to glorify the painting.
4. Pata Painting
  • This painting belongs to Odisha.
  • Natural color from minerals and vegetables are used in this painting.
  • This painting is done on clothes.
5. Phad Painting
  • This painting belongs to Rajasthan.
  • This painting is done on clothes.

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Environmental Studies

विभिन्न क्षेत्रों के विभिन्न प्रकार के घर Different Type of Houses

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मनुष्य के घरों का रूप समय एवं भौगोलिक स्थिति के अनुसार बदलता रहता है। इस पोस्ट में विभिन्न क्षेत्रों के विभिन्न प्रकार के घर Different Type of Houses के बारे में बताया गया है ।

विभिन्न प्रकार के घर

मिट्टी के घर

  • मिट्टी के घर सामान्यत: गांवों में पाये जाते हैं ।
  • ऐसे घर उन जगहों पर भी पाये जाते हैं, जहां गर्मी ज्यादा होती है, जैसे राजस्थान
  • मिट्टी के घरों की दीवारें मोटी होती है जिससे गर्मी अंदर ना जा सके।
  • ऐसे घरों की छत झाड़ियों या छप्पर की बनी होती है ।
  • इन घरों की मिट्टी को मजबूत बनाने के लिए, मिट्टी में भूसा मिलाया जाता है ।
  • ऐसे घरों को मिट्टी से लीपा जाता है, जिससे मिट्टी टूटे नहीं ।
  • इन घरों के फर्श को गोबर से लीपा जाता है, ताकि कीड़े ना आयें ।

लकड़ी / बाँस के घर

  • बाँस या लकड़ी के घर उन जगहों पर बनाए जाते हैं, जहां बारिश बहुत होती है ।
  • ये जमीन से दस-बारह फुट ऊँचे बाँस के मज़बत खंभों पर बनाए जाते हैं , ताकि बाढ़ आने पर घर को कोई नुकसान न हो ।

Read Birds and their Specific Features – Environmental Studies (EVS)

पत्थर के घर

  • ऐसे घर पहाड़ी इलाके में बनाए जाते हैं ।
  • ऐसी जगहों पर बारिश भी होती है और बर्फ भी पड़ती है ।
  • ऐसे घरों की छत ढलवा होती है, जिससे बारिश का पानी या बर्फ नीचे गिर जाये ।
  • कीड़ों से बचाने के लिए, इन घरों पर चूने की पुताई होती है ।
  • ये घर एक से दो मंजिल के होते हैं ।
  • ऐसे घर लद्दाख, जम्मू-कश्मीर, हिमाचल प्रदेश में पाये जाते हैं ।

ईंट के मकान

  • ऐसे घर समतल क्षेत्रों (मैदीनी भागों) में पाये जाते हैं ।
  • ये घर एक मंजिली भी होते हैं और बहुमंजिली भी ।

बर्फ के घर / इग्लू

  • बर्फ के घर, बर्फीले क्षेत्रों में पाये जाते हैं ।
  • इन घरों को इग्लू भी कहते हैं ।
  • ये घर बर्फ के ब्लोक्स को जोड़कर बनाए जाते हैं ।
  • ये गुंबद के आकार के होते हैं ।
  • इन घरों के दरवाजे छोटे होते हैं, ताकि बर्फीली हवाएँ अंदर ना आ सकें ।
  • ये घर एस्कीमो शिकारियों का अस्थायी घर होते हैं ।

हाउसबोट

  • यह लकड़ी का घर होता है, जो हमेशा पानी में रहता है ।
  • इन घरों पर खूबसूरत नक्काशी होती है ।
  • ये पर्यटकों के लिए होते हैं ।
  • हाउसबोट 80 फीट तक लंबे होते हैं ।
  • ये कश्मीर और केरल में पाये जाते हैं ।
  • कश्मीर के हाउसबोट की छतों पर लकड़ी की नक्काशी को खतमबंद कहते हैं ।

डोंगे

  • ये कश्मीर में पाये जाने वाले बिना नक्काशी के हाउसबोट होते हैं ।
  • ये स्थानीय लोगों द्वारा रहने के लिए उपयोग किए जाते हैं ।
  • इनमें अलग अलग कमरे होते हैं ।

टेंट

  • यह एक अस्थायी निवास है ।
  • यह अलग अलग क्षेत्रों में अलग अलग चीजों से बनता है ।
  • गरीब लोग शहरों में प्लास्टिक का टेंट लगाते हैं ।
  • कुछ जगहों पर कपड़ों के टेंट का भी उपयोग होता है ।
  • पर्वतारोहियों के टेंट दो लेयर वाली प्लास्टिक से बने होते हैं , ताकि ठंड ना लगे ।
  • लद्दाख के चांगपा जनजाति के लोग याक के बालों की पट्टियों से टेंट बनाते हैं । इन टेंटों को रेबो कहते हैं।

हवेली / महल / किले

  • इन का निर्माण राजा महाराजा या अमीर लोग करवाया करते थे ।
  • ये बहुत बड़े होते हैं।
  • इनमें बहुत सारे कमरे होते हैं।
  • इनकी छतों , दीवारों, खंभों पर खूनसूरत नक्काशियाँ होती हैं।
  • इनमें पत्थरों और लकड़ियों का बहुत उपयोग होता है ।

आपको यह पोस्ट कैसा लगा ? अपने सुझाव और कमेन्ट देने के लिए नीचे दिये गए कमेन्ट सेक्सन का प्रयोग करें। अगर आपको यह पोस्ट पसंद आया तो इसे अपने दोस्तों के साथ जरूर शेयर करें।

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