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Child Development and Pedagogy

Type of Development for CTET and other TET

Type of Development is important for CTET, KVS, HTET, PSTET, UPTET, MPTET and RAJTET Preparation. Following are the type of development:

1. Physical Development

Physical Development in the life of child is most observable. This development can be easily recognized as it includes motor skills such as walking, jumping, painting, drawing etc. It depends on the health and nutritionist status. This development is also called maturation.

Read – Principles of Growth and Development for CTET and TET

2. Cognitive or Mental Development

Cognitive or Mental Development is related to mind, senses and intelligence of the child. It includes development of reasoning, thinking, imagination, perception, creativity etc.

Read – भारत में नदियों के किनारे बसे शहर/ Nadiyon ke Kinare base Sahar

3. Social and Emotional Development

At the initial age the child is not social. Gradually the child enjoys the company of his friends and develops the social skills like sharing, emotions, feelings, cooperation, patience etc. in his interaction with others.

Read – Motivation and Type of Motivation for CTET and TET

4. Language Development

This type of development deals with language. As language is a medium of communication in language development, writing, speaking and other communication skills develop in the child.

Read – Learning Disabilities – for CTET and other TET Exams

5. Moral Development

Moral development deals with the moral sense, ethics, values, norms and the ability to judge of the child.

Read – CTET Syllabus 2019 Paper – II (Class VI to VIII)

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Child Development and Pedagogy

Principles of Growth and Development for CTET and TET

Principles of Growth and Development are important for CTET, KVS, HTET, PSTET, UPTET, MPTET and RAJTET Preparation. Following are the 9 principles under Principles of Growth and Development:

1. Principle of Continuity

As per Principles of Growth and Development, Development of child is a continuous process. Because it follows continuity, it starts with the birth and ends with the death.

2. Individual Differences

Principles of Growth and Development state that no two individuals are same. therefore their habits, memory, creativity, intelligence etc. differ from each other. So growth and development will also not be same for both and each will grow at his own unique rate.

Read – Motivation and Type of Motivation for CTET and TET

3. Correlation and Integration

All types of developments are correlated and integrated with each other. Each area of development is dependent on the other and also influences the other development. For example a child who is physically healthy is likely to have better social and emotional stability.

4. Universality

Principles of Universality states that all over the world the growth and development process of child will be same. Therefore the process of child growth from birth to maturity will be same all over the world.

5. Predictability

Based on the rate of growth and development of the child, it is possible to predict the possible range of growth and development of child. Eg if a child plays with screw or electric material one may predict or assume that he will be an engineer.

Read – भारत में नदियों के किनारे बसे शहर/ Nadiyon ke Kinare base Sahar

6. General to Specific

In all phases of child development, general activity precedes specific activity. Eg children learn one word “pa pa” then subsequently they learn other specific words in language development.

7. Direction

Principles of Growth and Development state that development follows a pattern or a sequence. Each child has a different rate of development. Besides the development of all human beings follows a similar pattern, similar sequence or direction.

8. Development is Spiral not Linear

Children do not proceed straight on the development path with a steady speed. They make advancement during a particular period but take rest in the following period to consolidate their development. Therefore he turns back and move forward again like a spiral.

9. Growth and Development is a joint product of both hereditary and environment

As per Principles of Growth and Development, at any stage of growth and development of child the hereditary and environment directly or indirectly influences his growth and development in any dimension at all times.

Read – Learning Disabilities – for CTET and other TET Exams

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Syllabus

CTET Syllabus 2019 for Paper II – Elementary Stage

CBSE has announced CTET exams. The complete CTET Syllabus 2019 for Paper II (for Class VI to VIII) Elementary Stage is as following:

I. Child Development and Pedagogy  – 30 Questions

a. Child Development (Elementary School Child) – 15 Questions
  • Concept of development and its relationship with learning
  • Principles of the development of children
  • Influence of Heredity & Environment
  • Socialization processes: Social world & children (Teacher, Parents, Peers)
  • Piaget, Kohlberg and Vygotsky: constructs and critical perspectives
  • Concepts of child-centered and progressive education
  • Critical perspective of the construct of Intelligence
  • Multi-Dimensional Intelligence
  • Language & Thought
  • Gender as a social construct; gender roles, gender-bias and educational practice
  • Individual differences among learners, understanding differences based on diversity of language, caste, gender, community, religion etc.
  • Distinction between Assessment for learning and assessment of learning; School-Based Assessment, Continuous & Comprehensive Evaluation: perspective and practice
  • Formulating appropriate questions for assessing readiness levels of learners; for enhancing learning and critical thinking in the classroom and for assessing learner achievement.
b. Concept of Inclusive education and understanding children with special needs  – 5 Questions
  • Addressing learners from diverse backgrounds including disadvantaged and deprived
  • To Address the needs of children with learning difficulties, ‘impairment’ etc.
  • Addressing the Talented, Creative, Specially abled Learners
c.    Learning and Pedagogy – 10 Questions
  • How children think and learn;  how and why children ‘fail’ to achieve success in school performance.
  • Basic processes of teaching and learning; children’s strategies of learning; learning as a social activity; social context of learning.
  • Child as a problem solver and a ‘scientific investigator’
  • Alternative conceptions of learning in children, understanding children’s ‘errors’ as significant steps in the learning process.
  • Cognition & Emotions
  • Motivation and learning
  • Factors contributing to learning – personal & environmental

II.  CTET Syllabus Language I  – 30 Questions

a. Language Comprehension  – 15 Questions
  • Reading unseen passages – two passages one prose or drama and one poem with questions on comprehension, inference, grammar and verbal ability (Prose passage may be literary, scientific, narrative or discursive)
b. Pedagogy of Language Development  – 15 Questions
  • Learning and acquisition
  • Principles of language Teaching
  • Role of listening and speaking; function of language and how children use it as a tool
  • Critical perspective on the role of grammar in learning a language for communicating ideas verbally and in written form;
  • Challenges of teaching language in a diverse classroom; language difficulties, errors and disorders
  • Language Skills
  • Evaluating language comprehension and proficiency: speaking, listening, reading and writing
  • Teaching- learning materials: Textbook, multi-media materials, multilingual resource of the classroom
  • Remedial Teaching

III. Language-II   – 30 Questions

a. Comprehension  – 15 Questions
  • Two unseen prose passages (discursive or literary or narrative or scientific) with question on comprehension, grammar and verbal ability
b. Pedagogy of Language Development  – 15 Questions
  • Learning and acquisition
  • Principles of language Teaching
  • Role of listening and speaking; function of language and how children use it as a tool
  • Critical perspective on the role of grammar in learning a language for communicating ideas verbally and in written form;
  • Challenges  of teaching   language  in  a  diverse  classroom;   language difficulties, errors and disorders
  • Language Skills
  • Evaluating language comprehension and proficiency: speaking, listening, reading and writing
  • Teaching – learning materials: Textbook, multi-media materials, multilingual resource of the classroom
  • Remedial Teaching

IV.  CTET Syllabus Mathematics and Science   – 60 Questions

 i. Mathematics  – 30 Questions
a) Content  – 20 Questions
  • Number System
    • Knowing our Numbers
    • Playing with Numbers
    • Whole Numbers
    • Negative Numbers and Integers
    • Fractions
  • Algebra
    • Introduction to Algebra
    • Ratio and Proportion
  • Geometry
    • Basic geometrical ideas (2-D)
    • Understanding Elementary Shapes (2-D and 3-D)
    • Symmetry: (reflection)
    • Construction (using Straight edge Scale, protractor, compasses)
    • Mensuration
    • Data handling
b) Pedagogical issues  – 10 Questions
  • Nature of Mathematics/Logical thinking
  • Place of Mathematics in Curriculum
  • Language of Mathematics
  • Community Mathematics
  • Evaluation
  • Remedial Teaching
  • Problem of Teaching
ii. Science  – 30 Questions
a) Content  – 20 Questions
  • Food
    • Sources of food
    • Components of food
    • Cleaning food
  • Materials
    • Materials of daily use
  • The World of the Living 
  • Moving Things People and Ideas
  • How things work
    • Electric current and circuits
    • Magnets
  • Natural Phenomena 
  • Natural Resources
b) Pedagogical issues  – 10 Questions
  • Nature & Structure of Sciences
  • Natural Science/Aims & objectives
  • Understanding & Appreciating Science
  • Approaches/Integrated Approach
  • Observation/Experiment/Discovery (Method of Science)
  • Innovation
  • Text Material/Aids
  • Evaluation – cognitive/ psychomotor/ affective
  • Problems
  • Remedial Teaching

V. Social Studies/Social Sciences  – 60 Questions

a. Content  – 40 Questions
  • History
    • When, Where and How
    • The Earliest Societies
    • The First Farmers and Herders
    • The First Cities
    • Early States
    • New Ideas
    • The First Empire
    • Contacts with Distant lands
    • Political Developments
    • Culture and Science
    • New Kings and Kingdoms
    • Sultans of Delhi
    • Architecture
    • Creation of an Empire
    • Social Change
    • Regional Cultures
    • The Establishment of Company Power
    • Rural Life and Society
    • Colonialism and Tribal Societies
    • The Revolt of 1857-58
    • Women and reform
    • Challenging the Caste System
    • The Nationalist Movement
    • India After Independence
  • Geography
    • Geography as a social study and as a science
    • Planet: Earth in the solar system
    • Globe
    • Environment in its totality: natural and human environment
    • Air
    • Water
    • Human Environment: settlement, transport and communication
    • Resources: Types-Natural and Human
    • Agriculture
  • Social and Political Life
    • Diversity
    • Government
    • Local Government
    • Making a Living
    • Democracy
    • State Government
    • Understanding Media
    • Unpacking Gender
    • The Constitution
    • Parliamentary Government
    • The Judiciary
    • Social Justice and the Marginalised
b. Pedagogical issues   –  20 Questions
  • Concept& Nature of Social Science/Social Studies
  • Class Room Processes, activities and discourse
  • Developing Critical thinking
  • Enquiry/Empirical Evidence
  • Problems of teaching Social Science/Social Studies
  • Sources – Primary & Secondary
  • Projects Work
  • Evaluation

Note: It is advised to match the syllabus from official website of CTET.

[Read: CTET Syllabus 2019 for Paper I (for classes I to V) Primary Stage]

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Syllabus

CTET Syllabus 2019 for Paper-I (Primary Stage)

CBSE has announced CTET exams. Hence, read complete CTET Syllabus 2019 for Paper I (For Class I to V) Primary Stage:

I. Child Development and Pedagogy – 30 Questions

a. Child Development (Primary School Child) – 15 Questions
  • Concept of development and its relationship with learning
  • Principles of the development of children [Read: Principles of Growth and Development – for CTET and other TET Preparation]
  • Influence of Heredity & Environment
  • Socialization processes: Social world & children (Teacher, Parents, Peers)
  • Piaget, Kohlberg and Vygotsky: constructs and critical perspectives
  • Concepts of child-centered and progressive education
  • Critical perspective of the construct of Intelligence 
  • Multi-Dimensional Intelligence
  • Language & Thought
  • Gender as a social construct; gender roles, gender-bias and educational practice
  • Individual differences among learners, understanding differences based on diversity of language, caste, gender, community, religion etc.
  • Distinction between Assessment for learning and assessment of learning; School-Based Assessment, Continuous & Comprehensive Evaluation: perspective and practice
  • Formulating appropriate questions for assessing readiness levels of learners; for enhancing learning and critical thinking in the classroom and for assessing learner achievement.

Read – CTET Syllabus 2019 for Paper-II (Class VI to VIII)

b. Concept of Inclusive education and understanding children with special needs – 5 Questions
  • Addressing learners from diverse backgrounds including disadvantaged and deprived
  • To Address the needs of children with learning difficulties, ‘impairment’ etc.
  • Addressing the Talented, Creative, Specially abled Learners
c. Learning and Pedagogy – 10 Questions

II. Language I – 30 Questions

a. Language Comprehension – 15 Questions
  • Reading unseen passages – two passages one prose or drama and one poem with questions on comprehension, inference, grammar and verbal ability (Prose passage may be literary, scientific, narrative or discursive)
b. Pedagogy of Language Development – 15 Questions
  • Learning and acquisition
  • Principles of language Teaching
  • Role of listening and speaking; function of language and how children use it as a tool
  • Critical perspective on the role of grammar in learning a language for communicating ideas verbally and in written form
  • Challenges  of teaching   language  in   a  diverse  classroom; language difficulties, errors and disorders
  • Language Skills
  • Evaluating language comprehension and proficiency: speaking, listening, reading and writing
  • Teaching-  learning materials: Textbook, multi-media materials, multilingual resource of the classroom
  • Remedial Teaching

III. CTET Syllabus Language – II  – 30 Questions

a. Comprehension  – 15 Questions
  • Two unseen prose passages (discursive or literary or narrative or scientific) with question on comprehension, grammar and verbal ability
b. Pedagogy of Language Development  – 15 Questions
  • Learning and acquisition
  • Principles of language Teaching
  • Role of listening and speaking; function of language and how children use it as a tool
  • Critical perspective on the role of grammar in learning a language for communicating ideas verbally and in written form;
  • Challenges  of teaching  language  in  a  diverse  classroom; language difficulties, errors and disorders
  • Language Skills
  • Evaluating language comprehension and proficiency: speaking, listening, reading and writing
  • Teaching  – learning materials: Textbook, multi-media materials, multilingual resource of the classroom
  • Remedial Teaching

IV.  CTET Syllabus Mathematics  – 30 Questions

a. Content  – 15 Questions
  • Geometry
  • Shapes & Spatial Understanding
  • Solids around Us
  • Numbers
  • Addition and Subtraction
  • Multiplication
  • Division
  • Measurement
  • Weight
  • Time
  • Volume
  • Data Handling
  • Patterns
  • Money
b. Pedagogical issues  – 15 Questions
  • Nature of Mathematics/Logical thinking; understanding children’s thinking and reasoning patterns and strategies of making meaning and learning
  • Place of Mathematics in Curriculum
  • Language of Mathematics
  • Community Mathematics
  • Evaluation through formal and informal methods
  • Problems of Teaching
  • Error analysis and related aspects of learning and teaching
  • Diagnostic and Remedial Teaching

V. Environmental Studies  – 30 Questions

a. Content  – 15 Questions
  • Family and Friends: Relationships, Work and Play, Animals, Plants
  • Food 
  • Shelter 
  • Water
  • Travel
  • Things We Make and Do
b. Pedagogical Issues   – 15 Questions
  • Concept and scope of EVS
  • Significance of EVS, integrated EVS
  • Environmental Studies & Environmental Education
  • Learning Principles
  • Scope & relation to Science & Social Science
  • Approaches of presenting concepts
  • Activities
  • Experimentation/Practical Work
  • Discussion
  • CCE
  • Teaching material/Aids
  • Problems

Note: It is advised to match the syllabus from official website of CTET.

Read – CTET Syllabus 2019 for Paper-II (Class VI to VIII)

You may use ‘comment section’ below for your valuable comments/feedback.

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Child Development and Pedagogy

CTET Questions on Growth and Development

Dear readers, following are the CTET previous years questions with answers on Growth and Development. These CTET questions on Growth and Development are important for preparation of CTET, KVS, HTET, PSTET, UPTET, MPTET and RAJTET exams.

1- In which of the following stages do children become active members of their peer group?
a) Adolescence
b) Adulthood
c) Early childhood
d) Childhood

2- Cognitive development means?
a) Development of intelligence
b) Development of child
c) Development of physical skill
d) Development of individual

3- Which of the following is not good for quality learning?
a) Making notes
b) Extra reading
c) Using guide books
d) Self study

4- Human development is divided into domains, such as?
a) Physical, spiritual, cognitive and social
b) Physical, emotional, cognitive and social
c) Emotional, cognitive, spritiual and social-psychological
d) Psychological,cognitive,emotional and physical

Read – भारत में नदियों के किनारे बसे शहर/ Nadiyon ke Kinare base Sahar

5- Development starts from?
a) Post-childhood stage
b) Pre-natal stage
c) The stage of infancy
d) Pre-childhood stage

6- Development occurs in human being?
a) up to the end of adolescence period
b) up to the end of childhood
c) up to the starting of adulthood
d) throughout the life

7- Which of the following principle of development is incorrect one?
a) there are individual differences in development
b) development is result of coincidences
c) it is a continuous process
d) it is predictable

Learn – Divisibility Rules of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6

8- Human development is?
a) qualitative
b) quantitative
c) immeasurable to a certain extent
d) both (a) and (b)

9- Physical growth and development is called?
a) readiness
b) mobility
c) maturation
d) heredity

10- Factors influences the emotional development are
a) physical health
b) mental abilities
c) fatique
d) All the above

11- Which of the following are groups falls under later childhood category?
a) 11 to 18 years
b) 18 to 24 years
c) 0 to 6 years
d) 6 to 11 years

Read – 10 Important Questions on Motivation for CTET and other TET Exams

12- In middle childhood, speech is more………….rather than………..
a) animistic, socialised
b) mature, immature
c) egocentric, socialised
d) socialised, egocentric

13- The period of infancy is form
a) 0 to 2 years
b) 0 to 4 years
c) 2 to 3 years
d) 3 to 5 years

14- Which of the following is not related to principles of growth and development?
a) Principle of continuity
b) Principle of Classification
c) Principle of integration
d) Principle of individuality

15- In this stage, the children develop great love of exploring and wandering?
a) infancy
b) later childhood
c) Adolescence
d) Maturity

16- Development proceeds from….. to ………
a) complex, hard
b) specific, general
c) simple, easy
d) general, specific

17- Which of the following is not a principle of human development?
a) Sequentially
b) Continuity
c) Reversible
d) General to specific

18- Which one of the following is the true statement corresponding to Cephalocaudal Principle of child’s development?
a) Development of from head to foot
b) Development is from foot to head
c) Development is from middle to periphery
d) None of above

19- The central focus of Child Psychology is…?
a) Good teacher
b) Child
c) teaching process
d) school

20- Early childhood is……….period for language development?
a) a not-so-significant
b) an unimportant
c) a sensitive
d) a natural

Read Micro Teaching – for CTET and Other TETs Preparation

Answers: 1(a), 2(a), 3(c), 4(d), 5(b), 6(d), 7(b), 8(d), 9(c), 10(d), 11(d), 12(d), 13(a), 14(b), 15(c), 16(d), 17(c), 18(a), 19(b), 20(c)

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