Tag: PSTET

Principles of Growth and Development are important for CTET, KVS, HTET, PSTET, UPTET, MPTET and RAJTET Preparation. Following are the 9 principles under Principles of Growth and Development:

1. Principle of Continuity

As per Principles of Growth and Development, Development of child is a continuous process. Because it follows continuity, it starts with the birth and ends with the death.

2. Individual Differences

Principles of Growth and Development state that no two individuals are same. therefore their habits, memory, creativity, intelligence etc. differ from each other. So growth and development will also not be same for both and each will grow at his own unique rate.

Read – Motivation and Type of Motivation for CTET and TET

3. Correlation and Integration

All types of developments are correlated and integrated with each other. Each area of development is dependent on the other and also influences the other development. For example a child who is physically healthy is likely to have better social and emotional stability.

4. Universality

Principles of Universality states that all over the world the growth and development process of child will be same. Therefore the process of child growth from birth to maturity will be same all over the world.

5. Predictability

Based on the rate of growth and development of the child, it is possible to predict the possible range of growth and development of child. Eg if a child plays with screw or electric material one may predict or assume that he will be an engineer.

Read – भारत में नदियों के किनारे बसे शहर/ Nadiyon ke Kinare base Sahar

6. General to Specific

In all phases of child development, general activity precedes specific activity. Eg children learn one word “pa pa” then subsequently they learn other specific words in language development.

7. Direction

Principles of Growth and Development state that development follows a pattern or a sequence. Each child has a different rate of development. Besides the development of all human beings follows a similar pattern, similar sequence or direction.

8. Development is Spiral not Linear

Children do not proceed straight on the development path with a steady speed. They make advancement during a particular period but take rest in the following period to consolidate their development. Therefore he turns back and move forward again like a spiral.

9. Growth and Development is a joint product of both hereditary and environment

As per Principles of Growth and Development, at any stage of growth and development of child the hereditary and environment directly or indirectly influences his growth and development in any dimension at all times.

Read – Learning Disabilities – for CTET and other TET Exams

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Check Complete List – Competitive Exam Preparation

• Previous Year Questions on Learning Disabilities for TET
• मनोविज्ञान से संबन्धित महत्वपूर्ण कथन – Important One Liners
• CTET Previous Years Questions on Piaget, Kohlberg & Vygotsky with Answer
• Human Growth and Development Difference for CTET
• Stages of Child Development for CTET and other TET

In this post you will learn about Motivation and Motivation Type for CTET and TET preparation. Motivation is a latin word derived from “motum”. It means to move/in-motion. Motivation is internal energy force which makes a person to initiate any work, activity or sustain the activity.

According to William Mc Dougall “Motivation is physiological and psychological condition in the organism that disposes it to act in a certain way”. According to Good “Motivation is the process of arriving, sustaining and regulating activity”.

Read – CTET 2019 Syllabus Paper-I (Primary Stage)

Motivation as a process or behavior refer to a reinforced, selective and goal directed behavior initiated and energized by a motive which aims to maintain balance and equilibrium of the person in relation to his environment by keeping his basic needs in the process of satisfaction. There are two types of motivation :-

1. Natural Motivation or Intrinsic Motivation
2. Artificial Motivation or Extrinsic Motivation

Read CTET Syllabus Paper-II (Class VI to VIII)

1. Natural or Intrinsic (Internal) Motivation

The natural or intrinsic motivation is an internal force within the individual which propels him to do certain activity. Hence, this type of motivation is directly linked with natural urges instincts of the organism.

The naturally or intrinsically motivated individual performs an act because he finds interest in that particular activity. He engages in learning because he finds pleasure in the learning of that thing.

Eg: A student who enjoys solving mathematical problems and does the problem solving because he gets pleasure in that. His pleasure motivates him for doing mathematical problems.

2. Artificial or Extrinsic (External) Motivation

The artificial or external motivation is an external force which propels him to do certain activity. In artificial motivation the source of motivation does not lie within the task. Hence the individual does or learn particular task for obtaining some goal or some external reward.

Anyone should use external motivation with caution because it can decrease the natural motivation.

Eg: A runner who wants to win the race will require constant practice as compared to a person who runs for enjoying the fun from it.

Read – Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs for CTET

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Check Complete List – Competitive Exam Preparation

• Previous Year Questions on Learning Disabilities for TET
• मनोविज्ञान से संबन्धित महत्वपूर्ण कथन – Important One Liners
• CTET Previous Years Questions on Piaget, Kohlberg & Vygotsky with Answer
• Human Growth and Development Difference for CTET
• Stages of Child Development for CTET and other TET

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs also known as Maslow’s Theory of Motivation states that man’s behaviour is controlled by both internal and external motivational factors which he calls ‘needs’. He described that some needs are more basic or more powerful than other and as the needs are satisfied, other higher needs emerge. Maslow classified needs into two categories:-

1. Basic Needs
2. Growth Needs

Read – Piaget Theory of Cognitive Development

Basic Needs

As per Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs, Basic Needs are as following:-

• Physiological: The needs for body as sleep and rest, food, sex, shelter, drink and oxygen.
• Safety: The needs for safety, sense of stability and security.

Growth Needs

As per Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs, Growth Needs are as following:-

• Love and belonging: The need for love, affection, relationship, and care.
• Esteem: The need for self-respect, confidence, mastery, achievement, competence, respect from others, acceptance, reputation, recognition, status and prestige.
• Understanding and Knowledge: The need for exploring, discover, finding solution, meaning, satisfying curiosity, seek intellectual challenges.
• Aesthetics: The need for beauty in the surroundings.
• Self-Actualization: The need for growth and development, achieving desires, self fulfillment, utilization of potential.

You may use ‘comment section’ below for your valuable comments/feedback.

Check Complete List – Competitive Exam Preparation

• Previous Year Questions on Learning Disabilities for TET
• मनोविज्ञान से संबन्धित महत्वपूर्ण कथन – Important One Liners
• CTET Previous Years Questions on Piaget, Kohlberg & Vygotsky with Answer
• Human Growth and Development Difference for CTET
• Stages of Child Development for CTET and other TET